The September 11, 2001 attack on the World Trade Center in New York’s financial district changed the nation in many ways. The emotional scars still linger, the rebuilding of physical structures continues today, and Congress reformed the way the banking industry handles check processing. During the second half of the 20th Century, paper checks were flown between US depository financial institutions on a nightly basis. That approach reached crisis on 9/11. For security reasons, all non-military aircraft were grounded for two days following the hijackings and check processing was temporarily halted in conjunction with air travel. In 2003, Congress passed the Check Clearing for the 21st Century Act (Check 21) to abate future disruptions, opening the door for banks and other institutions to process checks electronically. The law enables recipients of paper checks to create scanned digital versions, eliminating the need to handle paper checks. When Check 21 took effect October 2004, a function known as remote deposit capture (RDC) was introduced to facilitate the acceptance of those scanned images as deposits.
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